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Mapping Report

Report of the Mapping Exercise documenting the most serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law in the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1993 and 2003

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About the report
Executive Summary
Most serious violations
Specific Acts of Violence
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Elementor #5

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Acts of Violence – Crime of genocide against hutu
Acts of violence : War crimes – Classification of armed conflicts in the DRC
Acts of violence against children – Impact of armed conflict on children
Acts of violence against women and sexual violence : First war and the AFDL/APR regime
Acts of violence against women and sexual violence : March 1993 – September 1996 : Regional crisis
Acts of violence against women and sexual violence : Second War
Acts of violence against women and sexual violence : Towards the transition
Acts of violence committed against CAAFAG
Acts of violence committed against children
Acts of violence committed against women – Multiple aspects of sexual violence
Acts of violence committed against women and sexual violence : Conclusion
Acts of violence linked to natural resource exploitation
Acts of violence linked to the struggle for control of natural resources
Attacks against Hutu refugees – Walungu and Kabare (South Kivu)
Attacks against Hutu refugees – Kalehe territory (South Kivu)
Attacks against Hutu refugees – Shabunda territory (South Kivu)
Attacks against Hutu refugees – Uvira territory (South Kivu)
Attacks against hutu refugees along the Kisangani–Opala road
Attacks against hutu refugees along the Ubundu to Kisangani railway line
Attacks against hutu refugees fleeing across Masisi territory (North Kivu)
Attacks against hutu refugees fleeing across Walikale territory (North Kivu)
Attacks against hutu refugees in camps on the Goma to Rutshuru road (North Kivu)
Attacks against hutu refugees in the Mugunga and Lac Vert camps (North Kivu)
Attacks against other civilian populations – Nyiragongo (Petit Nord) & Beni and Lubero (Grand Nord)
Attacks against other civilian populations – Orientale
Attacks against other civilian populations – South Kivu
Attacks against other civilian populations – Bas-Congo
Attacks against other civilian populations – Équateur
Attacks against other civilian populations – Kasai Occidental & Bandundu
Attacks against other civilian populations – Kinshasa
Attacks against other civilian populations – Maniema & Katanga
Attacks against other civilian populations : Bwito chiefdom (North Kivu)
Attacks against other civilian populations : Masisi (North Kivu)
Attacks against other civilian populations : North Kivu
Attacks against other civilian populations : Rutshuru (North Kivu)
Background and mandate
CHAPTER I. Acts of violence committed against women and sexual violence
CHAPTER I. Failure of the democratisation process and regional crisis
Children associated with armed groups and forces (CAAFAG)
Crimes committed by CAAFAG and youth justice
Demobilisation and reintegration of children associated with armed groups and forces
DRC Towards Transition (January 2001–June 2003)
Elementor #5
Executive Summary
Executive Summary – Assessment of the capacity of the national justice system
Executive Summary – Formulation of options in the field of transitional justice mechanisms
Executive Summary – Inventory of specific acts of violence committed during the conflicts in the DRC
Executive Summary – Inventory of the most serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law
Executive Summary – Legal classification of acts of violence committed
Failure of the democratisation process and regional crisis – Kinshasa
Failure of the democratisation process and regional crisis – Shaba (Katanga)
Failure of the democratisation process and regional crisis – North Kivu
Failure of the democratisation process and regional crisis – Rest of the country
First Congo War – Attacks against Hutu refugees
First Congo War – Attacks against Hutu refugees – South Kivu
First Congo War – Attacks against Tutsi and Banyamulenge civilians
First Congo War – Attacks against Hutu refugees – Orientale Province
First Congo War – Attacks against Hutu refugees – Maniema
First Congo War – Attacks against Hutu refugees – North Kivu
First Congo War – Attacks against Hutu refugees : Équateur
First Congo War : Attacks against other civilian populations
First Congo War and AFDL Regime
Foreword
Human rights violations related to natural resource exploitation
Implementation of the Mapping Exercise
Introduction
Legal classification of acts of violence
Legal classification of acts of violence – War crimes
Legal classification of acts of violence – Crime of genocide
Legal classification of acts of violence – Crimes against humanity
Legal classification of acts of violence – Serious human rights violations
Legal framework applicable to acts of sexual violence
Mapping Exercise
Natural resource exploitation as a factor in the prolongation of the conflict
Recruitment and use of children by armed groups from 1993 to 2003
Second Congo War – Attacks directed at Tutsi civilians
Second Congo War – Attacks directed at Tutsi civilians – Kinshasa
Second Congo War – Attacks directed at Tutsi civilians – Kasaï & Maniema
Second Congo War – Attacks directed at Tutsi civilians – Katanga
Second Congo War – Attacks directed at Tutsi civilians – North Kivu & Orientale Province
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – Bas-Congo
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – Équateur
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – Ituri
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – Kasaï Occidental
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – Katanga
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – Kinshasa
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – Maniema
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – North Kivu
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – Orientale Province
Second Congo War – Attacks on other civilian populations – South Kivu
SECTION I. Inventory of the most serious violations
SECTION II. Specific Acts of Violence
The Second Congo War (August 1998–January 2001)
Towards Transition – Orientale Province
Towards Transition – Ituri
Towards Transition – Katanga
Towards Transition – Maniema
Towards Transition – North Kivu
Towards Transition – Rest of the country
Towards Transition – South Kivu